广东省中国人民银行深圳经济特区


深圳市个人住房担保贷款管理试行办法
中国人民银行深圳经济特区分行


第一章 总则
第一条 为推进住房制度改革，支持居民购买普通住房，规范深圳市个人住房信贷管理，维护借贷双方的合法权益，根据《中华人民共和国商业银行法》、《中华人民共和国担保法》、《贷款通则》和中国人民银行《个人住房担保贷款管理试行办法》等法律、规章，特制订本办法。
第二条 个人住房担保贷款（以下简称贷款）是指以购买普通住房为目的，以借款人或第三人所购住房及其他具有所有权的财产作为抵押物或质物，或由第三人为贷款提供保证，并承担连带责任的贷款。
居民住宅楼宇按揭属于个人住房担保贷款，包括现楼按揭和期楼（楼花）按揭。
个人住房担保贷款不适用居民修建、自建住房或购买豪华住宅。
第三条 本办法适用于经中国人民银行批准设立的商业银行和农村信用合作联社（以下简称贷款人）。
其他金融机构和非金融机构未经中国人民银行批准一律禁止办理个人住房担保贷款和委托个人住房担保贷款。
第四条 中国人民银行深圳经济特区分行（以下简称监管机关）依照法律、法规、规章和本办法对个人住房担保贷款实施监督管理。

第二章 贷款的对象和条件
第五条 贷款对象为具有完全民事行为能力的自然人。
第六条 贷款对象应具备以下条件：
一、具有合法有效的身份证明；
二、有购买住房的合同、意向书或协议；
三、具有按期偿还贷款本息的能力；
四、有贷款人认可的资产作为抵押或质押，或有足够代偿能力的单位或个人作为偿还贷款本息并承担连带责任的保证人；
五、贷款人规定的其他条件。

第三章 贷款程序
第七条 借款人向贷款人申请贷款时应提交以下材料：
一、合法的本人身份证件，包括居民身份证、户口本或其他有效证件；
二、有关借款人稳定经济收入的证明或其他按期偿还贷款本息能力的证明；
三、符合法律规定的购买住房合同、意向书或协议；
四、抵押物或质押物清单、权属证明、有权处分人同意抵押或质押的证明、估价证明；保证人同意担保的书面意见和保证人的资信证明；
五、贷款人要求提供的其他文件或资料。
第八条 贷款人自收到贷款申请及符合要求的资料之日起，在三个月以内完成贷款审查并向借款人做出正式答复。
第九条 贷款人发放贷款应根据《贷款通则》的规定签订借款合同和担保合同。

第四章 贷款额度、期限和利率
第十条 贷款金额最高不得超过所购住房售价或贷款人委托的房地产评估机构住房评估价值的70％。
第十一条 贷款期限分5个档次，最长不得超过20年。
利率期限包括3年以内（含3年）、3—5年（含5年）、5—10年（含10年）、10—15年（含15年）、15—20年（含20年）5个档次。
第十二条 贷款利率按照中国人民银行公布的利率水平执行。贷款人在公布利率水平基础上可适当下浮，最大幅度为7％。
第十三条 贷款利率调整方式为一年一定，即贷款合同签订后，贷款人于每年贷款发放日核对贷款利率，并按当时中国人民银行公布的利率水平进行调整。
第十四条 贷款人不得在正常利息收入、罚息收入以外加收手续费或其他附加费用。
第十五条 罚息计息方式：按每月应偿还贷款本息的日利率万分之三计收罚息。

第五章 贷款的偿还方式
第十六条 贷款偿还包括等额还款、按月递减还款和按年递增（减）还款三种方式。
等额还款：
ｎ×12
ＰＩ（1＋Ｉ）
每月偿还贷款本息＝－－－－－－－－－－－
ｎ×12
（1＋Ｉ） －1
按月递减还款：
Ｐ
每月偿还贷款本息＝－－－－＋（Ｐ－累计已还本金）×Ｉ
ｎ×12
按年递增（减）还款：贷款期内每年按固定比例递增偿还贷款本息。
第1年每月偿还贷款本息
ｎ×12 12
Ｉ×（1＋Ｉ） ×〔（1＋Ｉ） －（1＋ｋ）〕
＝Ｐ×－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
12 ｎ×12 ｎ
〔（1＋Ｉ） －1〕×〔（1＋Ｉ） －（1＋ｋ） 〕
第ｔ年每月偿还贷款本息
ｔ
＝第1年每月偿还贷款本息×（1＋ｋ）
其中：Ｐ为本金，Ｉ为月利率，ｎ为贷款年限，ｋ为每年递增（减）比率（ｋ＞0递增，ｋ＜0递减）。
第十七条 利率调整后每笔贷款每月还款额的计算，应严格遵循以下原则：按剩余本金、原档次调整后的利率水平、剩余年限换算利率调整后每月需偿还贷款本息额。
等额还款：
每月偿还贷款本息
ｎ′×12
Ｐ′Ｉ′（1＋Ｉ′）
＝－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
ｎ′×12
（1＋Ｉ′） －1
按月递减还款：
Ｐ′
每月偿还贷款本息＝－－－－－＋（Ｐ′－累计已还本金）×Ｉ
ｎ′×12
按年递增（减）还款：贷款期内每年按固定
比例递增偿还贷款本息。
第1年每月偿还贷款本息＝Ｐ′×
ｎ′×12 12
Ｉ′×（1＋Ｉ′） ×〔（1＋Ｉ′） －（1＋ｋ）〕
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
12 ｎ′×12 ｎ′
〔（1＋Ｉ′） －1〕×〔（1＋Ｉ′） －（1＋ｋ） 〕
第ｔ年月均还款额＝每1年每月偿还贷款
ｔ
本息×（1＋ｋ）
其中：Ｐ′为剩余本金，Ｉ′为调整后月利率，ｎ′为剩余贷款年限，ｋ为每年
递增比率（ｋ＞0递增，ｋ＜0递减）。
第十八条 禁止贷款人按以存定贷方式发放个人住房担保贷款。
第十九条 借款人应在双方约定的贷款期限内，按月归还贷款本息。
借款人要求提前还贷款的，应提前一个月向贷款人提出申请，按贷款人确定的提前还款日归还贷款剩余本金。
贷款人不得对提前还款计收罚息或补偿金。

第六章 贷款抵押、质押或保证
第二十条 以住房作为抵押的，借款人需在合同签订前办理房屋保险手续，住房价值必须全额投保，并以贷款人为第一受益人。抵押期内，保单由贷款人保管。
第二十一条 借款人以所购自用住房作为贷款抵押物的，必须将住房价值全额用于贷款抵押。
第二十二条 贷款人应鼓励借款人办理人身保险，用以防范和弥补人身意外伤害或死亡对贷款人和借款人造成的损失。
第二十三条 贷款人不得为借款人指定特定保险机构办理财产或人身保险。
第二十四条 借款人在还款期限内死亡、宣告失踪或丧失民事行为能力，其合法财产继承人继续履行借款人所签订的借款合同。
借款人在还款期限内死亡、失踪或丧失民事行为能力后无继承人或受遗赠人，或其法定继承人、受遗赠人拒绝履行借款合同的，贷款人有权依照《中华人民共和国担保法》的规定处分抵押物或质物。
已办理住房保险的，保险受偿额应优先偿还剩余贷款本息，不足部分贷款人有权依照《中华人民共和国担保法》的规定处分抵押物或质物；超出部分由贷款人退还其他受益人。
第二十五条 借款人期满不能偿还贷款本息的，或连续六个月、累计九个月不能按月归还贷款本息的，贷款人有权依法处理其抵押物或质物，或要求连带责任人承担偿还本息的责任。
处分抵押物或质物，其价款不足以偿还贷款本息的，贷款人有权向借款人或其保证人追索应偿还部分；其价值超过应偿还部分，贷款人应退还抵押人或出质人。
第二十六条 贷款抵押、质押或保证的其他合同条款必须符合《中华人民共和国担保法》的规定。

第七章 贷款的管理和监督
第二十七条 贷款人应向借款人公开贷款种类、期限和利率等信息，并向借款人解释借款合同条款和提供业务咨询。
第二十八条 贷款人根据本办法制订的贷款合同文本必须报监管机关备案。
第二十九条 个人住房担保贷款业务单设二级科目，单独核算。
贷款人应定期向监管机关上报有关个人住房担保贷款的金融统计数据。
第三十条 贷款人发放的个人住房担保贷款必须全额纳入贷款考核，必须符合监管机关下达的监控比例。
第三十一条 监管机关建立举报制度。借款人有权向监管机关反映、举报贷款人违法、违规情况。
第三十二条 贷款人应当建立借款人不良资信情况登记制度，并随时向监管机关报告。

第八章 罚则
第三十三条 贷款人有下列行为之一的，监管机关视情节轻重依法对贷款人给予限期改正、通报批评、罚款、暂停办理直至取消办理个人住房担保贷款的资格（以上处罚可以并处）的处罚：
1．在正常利息收入、罚息收入以外加收附加费用；
2．借款合同中的利率相关条款与本管理办法相抵触；
3．贷款人在贷款执行过程中违反利率政策；
4．个人住房担保贷款有关比例不符合监管机关核定要求的；
5．其他违规行为。
第三十四条 借款人有下列行为之一的，贷款人依法对借款人追究责任：
1．借款人提供虚假文件或资料，已经或可能造成贷款损失的；
2．未经贷款人同意，借款人将已设定抵押权或质押权的财产或权益拆迁、转让、赠与或重复抵押；
3．影响贷款人权益的其他行为。

第九章 附则
第三十五条 贷款人可根据本管理办法制订相应的实施细则。
第三十六条 本办法由中国人民银行深圳经济特区分行负责解释和修改。
第三十七条 本办法自公布之日起实施。
深圳市个人住房担保贷款最高利率表
单位：月利率％
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
| | 调整前 | 调整后 |
| 项 目 | | |
| |（1997／10／23）|（1998／3／25）|
|－－－－－－－－－－－－|－－－－－－－－－－－－|－－－－－－－－－－－|
|3年以内（含3年） | 7．92 | 7．260 |
|－－－－－－－－－－－－|－－－－－－－－－－－－|－－－－－－－－－－－|
|3—5年（含5年） | 8．3475 | 8．025 |
|－－－－－－－－－－－－|－－－－－－－－－－－－|－－－－－－－－－－－|
|5—10年（含10年） | 8．8275 | 8．670 |
|－－－－－－－－－－－－|－－－－－－－－－－－－|－－－－－－－－－－－|
|10—15年（含15年）| 9．39 | 9．23 |
|－－－－－－－－－－－－|－－－－－－－－－－－－|－－－－－－－－－－－|
|15—20年（含20年）| 9．39 | 9．420 |
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－



1998年4月23日
The National People's Congress


LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON FOREIGN-CAPITAL ENTER-PRISES

(Adopted at the Fourth Session of the Sixth National People's
Congress, promulgated by Order No. 39 of the President of the People's
Republic of China and effective as of April 12, 1986)


Article 1
With a view to expanding economic cooperation and technical exchange with
foreign countries and promoting the development of China's national
economy, the People's Republic of China permits foreign enterprises, other
foreign economic organizations and individuals (hereinafter collectively
referred to as "foreign investors") to set up enterprises with foreign
capital in China and protects the lawful rights and interests of such
enterprises.
Article 2
As mentioned in this Law, "enterprises with foreign capital" refers to
those enterprises established in China by foreign investors, exclusively
with their own capital, in accordance with relevant Chinese laws. The term
does not include branches set up in China by foreign enterprises and other
foreign economic organizations.
Article 3
Enterprises with foreign capital shall be established in such a manner as
to help the development of China's national economy; they shall use
advanced technology and equipment or market all or most of their products
outside China. Provisions shall be made by the State Council regarding
the lines of business which the state forbids enterprises with foreign
capital to engage in or on which it places certain restrictions.
Article 4
The investments of a foreign investor in China, the profits it earns and
its other lawful rights and interests are protected by Chinese law.
Enterprises with foreign capital must abide by Chinese laws and
regulations and must not engage in any activities detrimental to China's
public interest.
Article 5
The state shall not nationalize or requisition any enterprise with foreign
capital. Under special circumstances, when public interest requires,
enterprises with foreign capital may be requisitioned by legal procedures
and appropriate compensation shall be made.
Article 6
The application to establish an enterprise with foreign capital shall be
submitted for examination and approval to the department under the State
Council which is in charge of foreign economic relations and trade, or to
another agency authorized by the State Council. The authorities in charge
of examination and approval shall, within 90 days from the date they
receive such application, decide whether or not to grant approval.
Article 7
After an application for the establishment of an enterprise with foreign
capital has been approved, the foreign investor shall, within 30 days from
the date of receiving a certificate of approval, apply to the industry and
commerce administration authorities for registration and obtain a business
licence. The date of issue of the business licence shall be the date of
the establishment of the enterprise.
Article 8
An enterprise with foreign capital which meets the conditions for being
considered a legal person under Chinese law shall acquire the status of a
Chinese legal person, in accordance with the law.
Article 9
An enterprise with foreign capital shall make investments in China within
the period approved by the authorities in charge of examination and
approval. If it fails to do so, the industry and commerce administration
authorities may cancel its business licence. The industry and commerce
administration authorities shall inspect and supervise the investment
situation of an enterprise with foreign capital.
Article 10
In the event of a separation, merger or other major change, an enterprise
with foreign capital shall report to and seek approval from the
authorities in charge of examination and approval, and register the change
with the industry and commerce administration authorities.
Article 11
The production and operating plans of enterprises with foreign capital
shall be reported to the competent authorities for the record.
Enterprises with foreign capital shall conduct their operations and
management in accordance with the approved articles of association, and
shall be free from any interference.
Article 12
When employing Chinese workers and staff, an enterprise with foreign
capital shall conclude contracts with them according to law, in which
matters concerning employment, dismissal, remuneration, welfare benefits,
labour protection and labour insurance shall be clearly prescribed.
Article 13
Workers and staff of enterprises with foreign capital may organize trade
unions in accordance with the law, in order to conduct trade union
activities and protect their lawful rights and interests.
The enterprises shall provide the necessary conditions for the activities
of the trade unions in their respective enterprises.
Article 14
An enterprise with foreign capital must set up account books in China,
conduct independent accounting, submit the fiscal reports and statements
as required and accept supervision by the financial and tax authorities.
If an enterprise with foreign capital refuses to maintain account books in
China, the financial and tax authorities may impose a fine on it, and the
industry and commerce administration authorities may order it to suspend
operations or may revoke its business licence.
Article 15
Within the scope of the operations approved, enterprises with foreign
capital may purchase, either in China or from the world market, raw and
semi-processed materials, fuels and other materials they need. When these
materials are available from both sources on similar terms, first priority
should be given to purchases in China.
Article 16
Enterprises with foreign capital shall apply to insurance companies in
China for such kinds of insurance coverage as are needed.
Article 17
Enterprises with foreign capital shall pay taxes in accordance with
relevant state provisions for tax payment, and may enjoy preferential
treatment for reduction of or exemption from taxes.
An enterprise that reinvests its profits in China after paying the income
tax, may, in accordance with relevant state provisions, apply for refund
of a part of the income tax already paid on the reinvested amount.
Article 18
Enterprises with foreign capital shall handle their foreign exchange
transactions in accordance with the state provisions for foreign exchange
control. Enterprises with foreign capital shall open an account with the
Bank of China or with a bank designated by the state agency exercising
foreign exchange control. Enterprises with foreign capital shall manage
to balance their own foreign exchange receipts and payments. If, with the
approval of the competent authorities, the enterprises market their
products in China and consequently experience an imbalance in foreign
exchange, the said authorities shall help them correct the imbalance.
Article 19
The foreign investor may remit abroad profits that are lawfully earned
from an enterprise with foreign capital, as well as other lawful earnings
and any funds remaining after the enterprise is liquidated.
Wages, salaries and other legitimate income earned by foreign employees in
an enterprise with foreign capital may be remitted abroad after the
payment of individual income tax in accordance with the law.
Article 20
With respect to the period of operations of an enterprise with foreign
capital, the foreign investor shall report to and secure approval from the
authorities in charge of examination and approval. For an extension of the
period of operations, an application shall be submitted to the said
authorities 180 days before the expiration of the period. The authorities
in charge of examination and approval shall, within 30 days from the date
such application is received, decide whether or not to grant the
extension.
Article 21
When terminating its operations, an enterprise with foreign capital shall
promptly issue a public notice and proceed with liquidation in accordance
with legal procedure. Pending the completion of liquidation, a foreign
investor may not dispose of the assets of the enterprise except for the
purpose of liquidation.
Article 22
At the termination of operations, the enterprise with foreign capital
shall nullify its registration with the industry and commerce
administration authorities and hand in its business licence for
cancellation.
Article 23
The department under the State Council which is in charge of foreign
economic relations and trade shall, in accordance with this Law, formulate
rules for its implementation, which shall go into effect after being
submitted to and approved by the State Council.
Article 24
This Law shall go into effect on the day of its promulgation.




Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.